Impact Factor : 0.548
Note: 1t-Student (0,31); 2Mann- Whitney (0,04);!t-Student(4,17),4t-Student(4,41)
Table 5: Characteristics of researched groups regarding the number of non-inflammatory exanthema before the first treatment and after the fifth treatment for probands who suffered from acne in the time of maturity.
Note: 1t-Student (-2,19); 2Mann-Whitney (-1,80); 3t-Student (5,53); 4t-Student (4,53).
Before the first treatment the number of non-inflammatory exanthema in the Ferulic acid group was significantly higher for probands who suffered from acne in maturity (p=0,0371). No significant statistical changes after the fifth treatment in the number of non-inflammatory exanthema was noticed depending on the kind of treatment for probands with acne in maturity (p=0,0721). In the group of probands who suffered from acne in maturity, after the fifth treatment with Ferulic acid, the number of non-inflammatory exanthema was significantly lower (p=0,0001). In the group of probands who suffered from acne in maturity, after the fifth treatment with D'Arsonwal's currents, the number of inflammatory exanthema was significantly lower(p=0,0004). The detailed data was shown in Table 5.
In both analysed groups, the average age of probands was determined at 30.6 which is compatible with range limits suggested by researchers. Szepietowski and Dreno, taking into account the achieved results, define the exanthema that appear after the age of 25 as adult acne [11,12]. The personal research showed the average age of probands at 30,8 with Ferulic acid group and 30,3 with D'Arsonwal’s currents group. One of the characteristic features of acne vulgaris progress is the appearance of increased number of free radicals [13]. UV radiation absorption by Ferulic acid on skin stops the production of reactive forms of oxygen that is confirmed by study of Saij with the use of Spectrophotometry and Monti study. They point out protective activity of Ferulic acid against UV radiation [14,15]. The added value, during application of formulations containing Ferulic acid, is the possibility of application no matter the season of the year or the degree of insolation. That is possible, because the discussed acid is a natural sunscreen filter that practically does not cause any irritation. Thanks to that fact, therapeutic processes can be extended and the operation of other active substances can be strengthened [16]. One can therefore venture a statement that introduction of the discussed acid in formulations used in acne vulgaris therapy is justified.
D'Arsonowal currents belong to a group of high frequency currents. Their effect generates electric field in human tissues that corresponds with the frequency of these currents. In the near vicinity of condenser electrodes that emit currents, ozone is produced [17]. The ozone can be potentially dangerous for human beings, just because it significantly increases the risk of damaging skin cells. However, in controlled dosage the discussed gas becomes a perfect antiseptic resource, that supports healing processes of skin infections [18]. The highest attention is paid to ozone's antibacterial properties, that is produced while treatments with the use of high frequency currents. The excessive colonisation of anaerobic bacteria Propionibacterium acnes is often mentioned as one of the main reasons of acne vulgaris. Lynch and Swift confirmed, with their work, the elimination of bacteria by using ozone in a gas form. This fact seems to be highly useful n the context of feasibility of application of the discussed gas on the skin surface in this exact state [19].
In both groups, treated with Ferulic acid and D'Arsonwal’s currents there were probands, who stated the onset of illness for puberty and maturity. Even though, the probands were assigned to particular groups randomly, the number of afflicted since puberty was 48.3% in relation to the number of afflicted in the age of above 25, which was 51.7%. That shows that more than half of probands were suffering both before puberty and in the period of maturity Perhaps, the increased number of probands would show greater quantitative differences in the future. Also Dreno in his studies underlines two kinds of adult acne vulgaris depending on the moment of its appearance: maturity and puberty. Because of slower and weaker reaction of older skin to treatments, Dreno advises to take on other methods of treatment regarding younger skin.
Personal research shows a statistically significant change in the number of inflammatory and non-inflammatory exanthema after the application of a series of treatments with the use of Ferulic acid, no matter the time of illness appearance. The time when patients were afflicted with acne does not seriously influence the treatment method.
One can notice, however the differences in reaction of particular exanthema in two groups. When comparing the number of inflammatory exanthema between the groups, no statistical differences were noticed, a bigger reduction is however clearly visible after the treatment with d’Arsonowal currents. The reaction of non-inflammatory exanthema is definitely better to Ferulic acid, when after application the reduction in greater numbers occurs. The effectiveness of Ferulic acid, makes it in this case, an attractive and safe healing alternative for acne with non-inflammatory exanthema. Personal research shows a statistically significant change in the number of exanthema- mainly inflammatory but also non-inflammatory after the application of a series of treatments with the use of high frequency currents despite the moment of appearance of illness for probands. Such a fact confirms the concept of using of d’Arsonowal currents as a method of combating anaerobic bacteria, involved in pathogenesis of acne vulgaris. The greatest reduction of inflammatory exanthema was observed just after the fifth and final treatment. It especially regarded people that were applied with d’Arsonowal currents that produced ozone. A higher effectiveness in the reduction of non-inflammatory exanthema was by contrast achieved after a series of treatments with the use of formulation enriched with Ferulic acid.
The research over the influence of Ferulic acid and d’Arsonowal currents over the number of inflammatory and non-inflammatory exanthema among adult women with diagnosed acne vulgaris, proved the decrease in the number of exanthema no matter the probands' onset of an illness. The results gained, demonstrate that both methods applied on the surface of the skin may be used interchangeably in a mild stage of acne and they can support pharmacological treatment with more severe stages of acne. Regardless of the time when an adult woman developed the illness- if it happened after the age of 25 or from the time of puberty.
Because of possibility of lowering oxidative stress by using Ferulic acid, and at the same time anti-inflammatory properties of d’Arsonowal currents, it seems reasonable to apply both methods while performing single treatment. The application of Ferulic acid does not stand in counter-indication for emission of d’Arsonowal currents on the surface of the skin. It seems possible to demonstrate even higher effectiveness over the decrease of exanthema of both provenance in the process of Acne vulgaris in case of combining both kinds of treatments in the future. The extension of the research with another group of probands may bring crucial facts that can support the treatment of adult women suffering from adult acne.
All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. All the study participants gave a written informed consent.
Not applicable, the manuscript doesn’t contain any individual person's data.