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Desmocollin-3 and Cancer

Volume 1 - Issue 5

Bakulesh Khamar*

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    • Cadila Pharmaceuticals Limited, Cadila Corporate Campus, India

    *Corresponding author: Bakulesh Khamar, Cadila Pharmaceuticals Limited, Cadila Corporate Campus, India

Received: October 24, 2017;   Published: October 27, 2017

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2017.01.000473

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Abstract

Desmocollin-3 [DSC3] is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to cadherin family of homophilic adhesion molecules, and is produced by the endoplasmic reticulum. DSC3 expression is seen in the suprabasal layer of stratified epithelium. DSC3 is a p53 responsive gene and can be detected by microarray. DSC3 protein expression is associated with expression of wild type p53 expression and can be detected by immune histochemistry. DSC3 protein is expressed on the surface of normal tissues. In proliferative tissues like, fetal and cancer, DSC3 protein is also seen in cytoplasm besides on cell surface. Expression of DSC3 is used as a diagnostic biomarker to differentiate squamous NSCLC from adenocarcinoma of lung. DSC3 expression is also seen in ovarian cancer, melanoma, colorectal cancer, cervical cancer, and meningioma cancer arising from oral cavity.

Expression of wild type p53 is associated with expression of DSC3. Chemotherapy, radiotherapy, targeted therapy [tyrosine kinase inhibitors], hypo methylating agents are known to induce expression of DSC3 in DSC3 negative cancers. As a homophilic adhesion molecule, it provides a unique opportunity for active immunotherapy by inducing DSC3 on surface of immune cells. CADI-05 is one such immunotherapy. It is found useful in management of squamous NSCLC and ovarian cancer when used with chemotherapy. It improves response rate and survival. As a mono therapy, it induces remission in melanoma and bladder cancer.

Keywords: Desmocollin- NSCLC; Cancer; CADI-05; Biomarker; Immunotherapy

Abbreviations: DSC3: Desmocollin-3; NSCLC: Non-small cell lung cancer

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