Research ArticleOpen Access

Genetic Inheritance in Non-Syndromic Infantile Esotropia

Volume 2 - Issue 2

Dayane Cristine Issaho^1,2, Fábio Ramos de Souza Carvalho¹, Geraldo de Barros Ribeiro³, Marcia Keiko Uyeno Tabuse¹, Linda Christian Carrijo-Carvalho¹ and Denise de Freitas¹

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- ¹epartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Brazil
- ²Hospital de Olhos do Parana, Brazil
- ³Centro Universitário de Belo Horizonte, Brazil
*Corresponding author: Dayane C Issaho, MD, Coronel Dulcídio, 199, 1oandar, Zip 80.420-170, Curitiba, PR, Brazil

Received: January 20, 2018; Published: February 01, 2018

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.02.000716

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Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the inheritance pattern of infantile esotropia and to investigate the possible involvement of AHI1 gene.

Methods: The experimental group consisted of 14 neurologically normal patients with onset of large angle esotropia prior to 6 months of age. Three unaffected subjects from a family of twins with esotropia formed the familial control group. The main control group consisted of 11 organ donors with no history of strabismus. Familial pedigree charts allowed assessing transmission of strabismus phenotype up to four generations. Genomic DNA was obtained from peripheral blood and PCR amplification of AHI1 gene was performed.

Results: The mean onset of esotropia was 1.78±2.32 months and the mean deviation was 57±8.5 prims diopters. Amplification of AHI1 was observed in all patients in the control group, but not in those with infantile esotropia. Among the patients evaluated, 57% had a family history of strabismus. Genetic inheritance was observed in two families with monozygotic twins, one of them consisted of monozygotic twins with infantile esotropia and a third dizygotic twin without strabismus. AHI1 did not amplify in the 3 unaffected subjects from the triplets’ family that formed the familial control group.

Conclusion: The family inheritance of congenital esotropia was verified in the individuals analyzed, with manifestation in the first, second or third generations. In addition, we reported the genetic inheritance in female twins and male triplets, with two univiteline twins presenting esotropia and another dizygotic who did not have strabismus. AHI1 gene may play a role in the pathology of infantile esotropia.

Abbreviations: DVD: Dissociated Vertical Deviation; SE: Spherical Equivalent; APCT: Alternate Prism-Cover Testing