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Research ArticleOpen Access

Airborne Gram Negative Bacilli in the Indoor Environment of King Abdullah University Hospital, Jordan and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility

Volume 4 - Issue 4

Ismail Saadoun1* and Ibraheem Ali Al Tayyar2

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    • 1Department of Applied Biology, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
    • 2Department of Applied Biological Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Jordan

    *Corresponding author: Department of Applied Biology, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates

Received: May 11, 2018;   Published: May 21, 2018

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.04.001091

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Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the presence of airborne Gram negative bacilli (GNB) in the operating theatres (OT), intensive care units (ICU) and nursery intensive care units (NICU) of King Abdullah University Hospital (KAUH), Jordan and their susceptibility to different antibiotics. Thirty four air samples of 100 liters volume/min were collected by a microbiological air sampler from the above units during seven months. Air samples were impacted on trypticase soy agar (TSA) then incubated at 37 °C for 48 h. Each bacterial colony appeared on agar plates were sub-cultured on TSA or blood agar with incubation at 37 °C for 24-48 h, and then identified by standard methods. The average bacterial count in the OT, ICU and NICU was 88, 118 and 125 cfu/m3, respectively. From all GNB, Pseudomonas aeruginosa comprised 45%, 33.9% and 31% in the NICU, ICU and OT air samples, respectively. However, each of Acinetobacter spp. and Aeromonas spp. comprised 19.6% in the ICU and NICU air samples. Citrobacter freundii in the ICU comprised 28.3%. GNB bacilli showed a considerable resistance to antibiotics with the highest to nalidixic acid (38.2%) and to cloxacillin (32.4%), and the lowest to augmentin (3.6%) and to chloramphenicol (3.1%). It is concluded that designing of monitoring strategies should continue to keep monitoring of the presence and distribution of GNB in the hospitals’ environment. The extensive use of some antibiotics in hospitals for longer periods may lead to higher percentage resistance of GNB.

Keywords: Airborne; Antibiotic; Bacteria; Gram negative bacilli; Hospital

Abbreviations: GNB: Gram Negative Bacilli; OT: Operating Theaters; ICU: Intensive Care Unit; Nursery Intensive Care Unit; KAUH: King Abdullah University Hospital; HAI: Hospital Acquired Infections; MRSA: Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus; TSA: Trypticase Soy Agar; MIO: Motility Indole Ornithin; MR-VP: Methyl Red-Voges Proskauer; TSI: Triple Sugar Iron; NCCL: National Committee for Clinical Laboratory

Abstract| Introduction| Material and Methods| Results| Discussion| Conclusion| Acknowledgment| References|