Obesity: Modulating Adiponectin Levels Through Diet

Luciana França Matoso Barbalho¹, Virna Ferreira de Souza¹, Juliana Luciano Gaspar Capibaribe¹, Thalita Marjorie Cavalcante de Azevedo¹, Kétsia Bezerra Medeiros² and Alexandre Coelho Serquiz*³

Received: November 16, 2018;   Published: November 29, 2018

DOI: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.11.002117

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Abstract

Obesity is considered a chronic condition of multiple etiology that can be linked to several factors, such as behavior, metabolism, genetics, environment, and psychosocial aspects. It is characterized by the excess of body fat from the excessive consumption of calories combined with a lack of physical activity. The excessive body fat causes a state of chronic inflammation that can lead to the development of chronic non-communicable diseases, among which the most common are diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), “obesity is considered a global epidemic caused, primarily, by dietary and physical activity patterns.” Such a scenario is directly related to the nutritional transition which occurred in the last decades - the dietary replacement of natural foods with processed and ultra-processed foods with a predominance of excessive salt, fat, and sugars. This new diet, with a higher energy density, combined with the lack of physical activity culminated in this ever-increasing epidemic that became a global public health problem.